开学了,耶鲁校长为什么鼓励新生做一只狐狸?
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当受到威胁时,狐狸会随机应变,想出一个聪明的办法来应对。所以,学会做一只聪明的狐狸没什么不对!
新学期伊始,各大高校都举行了开学典礼。
今天我们为你摘录了今年国内外名校校长在开学寄语中的经典话语。
不论你是初入校园的大一“小鲜肉”,还是大二、大三的“老油条”,都来感受一下激励吧。
耶鲁大学
耶鲁大学(Yale University)校长彼得·沙洛维(Peter Salovey)在2021届新生开学典礼上发表了一席角度新颖的演讲:《像狐狸一样思考》(Thinking Like a Fox)。
他引用古希腊诗人阿尔齐洛科斯(Archilochus)的名言,给大家讲了一个狐狸和刺猬的故事:
“A fox knows many things, but a hedgehog one important thing.”
“狐狸知道很多事情,而刺猬只知道一桩大事。”
When threatened, the fox remains flexible, coming up with a clever way to deal with that particular matter. The hedgehog, however, responds the same way to every threat: it rolls up into a ball.
当受到威胁时,狐狸会随机应变,想出一个聪明的办法来应对。然而,刺猬总是用同一种方法来对应对所有威胁:就是把自己卷成一个球。
The fox is wily and resilient. The hedgehog consistent but inflexible.
这两种动物,一个聪明狡猾,灵活善变,另一个恪守规则,却不懂变通。
他用这个故事让每一个在耶鲁学习的人思考:要以何种方式度过在耶鲁的这段时光(“how to approach your time at Yale”)。
因为你在耶鲁会接触到各种“狐狸派”和“刺猬派”的思想:
Your education in Yale College will expose you to some grand ideas that may seem compelling as unifying life philosophies. You will learn about and from some brilliant hedgehogs and brilliant foxes.
在耶鲁的本科学习过程中,你们会接触到一些伟大的思想,堪称很好的人生哲学。也会了解并且师从一些“伟大的刺猬”与“伟大的狐狸”。
但沙洛维校长鼓励大家效仿狐狸:
But at this stage of your education, I want to urge you to emulate the fox. As inspired as you might be by a single idea or way of looking at the world, I suggest that you entertain many different ways of thinking and consider various points of view. Try them all on; see what fits you best.
但是在这个阶段,我想鼓励大家多效仿狐狸。你可能会对某一种思想或世界观产生强烈的共鸣,但是我建议你们,多学习不同的思想、多考虑不同的观点。尽量都去尝试一下,最后再决定什么是最适合自己的。
The beauty of a liberal arts education—the education Yale College offers—is that it liberates you from having to pursue a narrow, vocationally-oriented program of study. I hope you will take advantage of—and enjoy—this intellectual freedom.
人文教育之美在于将你从狭隘的、以职业为导向的学习计划中解放出来——这也正是耶鲁本科学院所提供的教育。我希望你们能够好好利用并享受这种思想自由。
他例举了一些有着狐狸般智慧的人,例如发明家、政治家兼作家本杰明·富兰克林:
His response to seemingly insurmountable challenges? Invent something.
面对看似无法克服的挑战,他是怎么反应的呢?发明新东西。
最后你会发现,正是这些“狐狸”改变了我们的世界:
All around us, we are surrounded by foxes who have shaped our lives and our world.
我们的周围充满了“狐狸”,他们塑造了我们的生活和世界。
Foxes are resilient. And they not only respond better to challenges—they may even be able to predict what challenges they will face down the road better than their hedgehog friends.
狐狸适应力极强,他们不仅可以在面对挑战时更好地做出反应,甚至比刺猬小伙伴们更有能力预测将来会遇到的困难。
最后,沙洛维校长祝愿大家享受成为“狐狸”的过程。
Like Franklin, Murray, Hopper, and a host of other foxes, you will develop your intellect in broad and flexible ways.
像富兰克林、莫里、霍珀和许多其他的狐狸一样,你们将以广泛而灵活的方式开拓思维。
I know that you will experience great pleasure in becoming foxes yourselves.
我相信,在变成狐狸的过程中你们将会收获巨大的幸福和成就。
来看看耶鲁校长的演讲视频片段:
想听完整演讲的可以戳音频↓↓
所有迈入大学的新生们,要如何走自己的求知之路?听过耶鲁校长的这番话,你是否有所启发。
哈佛大学
哈佛大学(Harvard University)校长德鲁·福斯特(Drew Faust)在欢迎2021届新生的致辞上,探讨了大学教育的意义。
她引用哈佛前艺术与科学学院院长、已故的杰里米·诺尔斯(Jeremy Knowles)的话说:
Jeremy Knowles described what he saw as the most important goal of higher education: it was, he said, to ensure that graduates can recognize when “someone is talking rot.”
杰里米·诺尔斯形容他所认为的高等教育的最重要目标就是,让毕业生学会辨别“谁在胡说八道”。
You learn this through challenging and being challenged, through being confronted by disagreement and difference and amidst it all finding your way.
你在不断的挑战和被挑战中学到了这种能力,在面对各种分歧和异议中找到自己的方向。
在网络发达的今天,人们完全可以通过在线教育获得大学学位。
But we have asked all of you to uproot your lives, move to Massachusetts with carloads filled with paraphernalia and teary-eyed families forced to bid you good-bye. Why do we do this?
但我们却要求你们所有人脱离自己的生活圈,搬到麻萨诸塞州,带着载慢一车的随身行李,看着泪眼汪汪的家人被迫和你道别,我们为什么要这么做?
因为校园就是教育的重要一部分:
We do it because we believe in the power of community as an essential educational force.
我们这样做是因为我们相信校园的力量,那是一种关键的教育力量。
But that community must be constituted so that it does not simply present you with what you already know or with people whose life experiences and outlooks are just like yours.
但这个校园必须好好组建,才不会只简单地向你展示已知的东西,或是那些生活经历和观点和你一样的人。
大学的多样性是它最大的价值之一:
It is its diversity, its elements of unfamiliarity, its elements of difference that render Harvard College the extraordinary experience that I know you will find it to be.
正是它的多样性,它的陌生元素,它的不同之处,使在哈佛的经历非同凡响,我相信终有一天你们会有此感悟。
诺尔斯给新同学的建议是,“Don't be silent”(不要沉默):
When the admissions office decided on you, it was because they wanted your voice, your contribution as part of this creative cacophony. So don’t be silent.
招生办公室决定录取你,是因为他们需要你的声音,你在这个百家争鸣之地所贡献的一种声音。所以不要保持沉默。
And please don’t live your life online as if you weren’t here at all!
请不要在网上虚度你的光阴,就像你不曾来过这!
发出自己的声音有多么重要呢?她这样阐述:
Talk a lot so others can learn from you. Listen even more so that you can learn from them.
尽量多地发言,这样别人才能向你学习。尽可能更多地倾听,这样你就能从他们身上学习。
Don’t be afraid to take the risk of being wrong. Don’t be afraid to admit you are wrong. It is the best way to learn and grow. And listen generously to others so that they may take risks too.
不要害怕犯错的风险。不要害怕承认错误。这是学习和成长的最佳途径。同时也慷慨地倾听他人,让他们同样也有犯错的风险。
Use the community of your fellow students as one of the greatest gifts and opportunities of your time here.
将你的同学圈作为你在哈佛最大的礼物和机会。
靡不有初,鲜克有终。新学期开始的立志固然重要,但只有一步一个脚印,才能慢慢成为自己想成为的模样。
就像乔布斯说的那样,愿你“Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.”(求知若饥,虚心若愚),求知路上聚译网会一路陪着你的。
编辑:左卓
实习编辑:李雪晴
译文参考:思客
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